[Lapg] Banker to the Poor Muhammad Yunus Wednesday, January 16, 2008 @ 8:00 PM, Arlington Theatre State St.Santa Barbara

Wesley Roe and Santa Barbara Permaculture Network lakinroe at silcom.com
Wed Dec 26 19:22:39 PST 2007 


Muhammad Yunus

Wednesday, January 16, 2008 @ 8:00 PM, Arlington 
Theatre 1317 State Street, Santa Barbara, CA 93101


Creating a World Without Poverty – Social Business and the Future of Capitalism

“I only wish every nation shared Dr. Yunus’s and 
the Grameen Bank’s appreciation of the vital role 
that
 women play in the economic, social, and 
political life of our societies.” – Hillary Rodham Clinton

Revolutionary economist Muhammad Yunus’s new book 
Creating a World Without Poverty outlines his 
vision for an original business model that 
combines the power of free markets with the quest 
for a more humane world – and tells the inspiring 
stories of companies that are doing this work 
today. Yunus is the founder of Grameen Bank, a 
pioneer of microcredit – an economic movement 
that has helped lift millions of families around 
the word out of poverty – and the author of 
Banker to the Poor: Micro-lending and the Battle Against World Poverty.

Books will be available for purchase and signing.

General public $8.00 / UCSB Students $5.00



Generously supported by an anonymous donor.
Presented as part of the “Alleviating Global Poverty Event Series.”

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<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muhammad_Yunus>Muhammad<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muhammad_Yunus> 
Yunus

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muhammad_Yunus

Muhammad Yunus 
(<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/Bengali_language>Bengali: 
, pronounced Muhammôd Iunus) (born 
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/June_28>June 
28, 
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/1940>1940) is 
a 
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/Bangladesh>Bangladeshi 
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/Bank>banker 
and 
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/Economist>economist. 
He previously was a 
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/Professor>professor 
of 
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/Economics>economics 
and is famous for his successful application of 
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/Microcredit>microcredit; 
the extension of small 
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/Loan>loans. 
These loans are given to 
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/Entrepreneur>entrepreneurs 
too poor to qualify for traditional 
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/Bank>bank 
loans. Yunus is also the founder of 
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/Grameen_Bank>Grameen 
Bank. In 2006, Yunus and the bank were jointly 
awarded the 
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/Nobel_Peace_Prize>Nobel 
Peace Prize, "for their efforts to create 
economic and social development from below."[1] 
Yunus himself has received several other national 
and international honors. He is the author of 
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/Banker_to_the_Poor>Banker 
to the Poor and a founding board member of 
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/Grameen_Foundation>Grameen 
Foundation. In early 2007 Yunus showed interest 
in launching a political party in Bangladesh 
named Nagorik Shakti (Citizen Power), but later 
discarded the plan. He is one of the founding 
members of <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/Global_Elders>Global Elders.



Contents

[hide]
    * 1 Early years
    * 2 Grameen Bank
    * 3 Recognitions
    * 4 Political activity
    * 5 Family
    * 6 References
    * 7 See also
    * 8 External links
        * 8.1 Videos




[<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//w/index.php?title=Muhammad_Yunus&action=edit&section=1>edit] 
Early years

The eldest of nine children, Yunus was born in 
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/June_28>June 
28, <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/1940>1940 
to a 
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/Muslim>Muslim 
family in the village of Bathua, by the Boxirhat 
Road in 
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/Hathazari_Upazila>Hathazari, 
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/Chittagong_District>Chittagong, 
then in 
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/British_India>British 
India (now in Bangladesh).[2][3] His father was 
Hazi Dula Mia Shoudagar, a jeweler, and his 
mother was Sofia Khatun. His early childhood 
years were spent in the village. In 1944, his 
family moved to the city of 
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/Chittagong>Chittagong, 
and he was shifted to Lamabazar Primary School 
from his village school.[2][4] By 1949, his 
mother was afflicted with psychological 
illness.[3] Later, he passed the matriculation 
examination from 
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/Chittagong_Collegiate_School>Chittagong 
Collegiate School securing the 16th position 
among 39,000 students in 
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/East_Pakistan>East 
Pakistan.[4] During his school years, he was an 
active 
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/Scouting>Boy 
Scout, and traveled to West Pakistan and India in 
1952, and to 
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/Canada>Canada 
in 1955 to attend 
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/Jamboree>Jamborees.[4] 
Later when Yunus was studying at 
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/Chittagong_College>Chittagong 
College, he became active in cultural activities 
and won awards for drama acting.[4] In 1957, he 
enrolled in the department of 
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/Economics>economics 
at 
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/Dhaka_University>Dhaka 
University and completed his 
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/Bachelor_of_Arts>BA 
in 1960 and 
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/Master_of_Arts_%28postgraduate%29>MA 
in 1961.

Following his graduation, Yunus joined the Bureau 
of Economics as a research assistant to the 
economical researches of 
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/Professor_Nurul_Islam>Professor 
Nurul Islam and 
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/Rehman_Sobhan>Rehman 
Sobhan.[4] Later he was appointed as a lecturer 
in economics in 
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/Chittagong_College>Chittagong 
College in 1961.[4] During that time he also set 
up a profitable 
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/Packaging_and_labelling>packaging 
factory on the side.[3] He was offered a 
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/Fulbright_scholarship>Fulbright 
scholarship in 1965 to study in the 
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/United_States>United 
States. He obtained his 
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/Ph.D.>Ph.D. 
in economics from 
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/Vanderbilt_University>Vanderbilt 
University in the 
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/United_States>United 
States through the graduate program in Economic 
Development in 1969.[5] From 1969 to 1972, Yunus 
was an assistant professor of economics at 
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/Middle_Tennessee_State_University>Middle 
Tennessee State University in 
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/Murfreesboro>Murfreesboro, 
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/Tennessee>TN.

During the 
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/Liberation_War_of_Bangladesh>Liberation 
War of Bangladesh in 1971, Yunus founded a 
citizen's committee and ran the Bangladesh 
Information Center, with other Bangladeshis 
living in the 
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/United_States>United 
States, to raise support for liberation.[4]. He 
also published the Bangladesh Newsletter from his 
home in 
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/Nashville>Nashville. 
After the War, Yunus returned to Bangladesh and 
was appointed to the government's Planning 
Commission headed by 
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/Nurul_Islam>Nurul 
Islam. He found the job boring and resigned to 
join 
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/Chittagong_University>Chittagong 
University as head of the Economics 
department.[6] He became involved with 
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/Poverty_reduction>poverty 
reduction after observing the 
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/Bangladesh_famine_of_1974>famine 
of 1974, and established a rural economic program 
as a research project. In 1975, he developed a 
Nabajug (New Era) Tebhaga Khamar (three share 
farm) which the government adopted as the 
Packaged Input Programme.[4] In order to make the 
project more effective, Yunus and his associates 
proposed the Gram Sarkar (the village government) 
programme.[7] Introduced by then president 
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/Ziaur_Rahman>Ziaur 
Rahman in late 1970s, the Government formed 
40,392 village governments (gram sarkar) as a 
fourth layer of government in 2003. On 2 August 
2005, in response to a petition filed by 
Bangladesh Legal Aids and Services Trust (BLAST) 
the High Court had declared Gram Sarkar illegal and unconstitutional.[8]




Grameen Bank

<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/Image:Grameen.JPG>
Grameen Bank Head Office at Mirpur-2, Dhaka



<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/Image:Grameen.JPG>
Grameen Bank Head Office at Mirpur-2, 
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/Dhaka>Dhaka
Main article: <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/Grameen_Bank>Grameen Bank

In 1976, during visits to the poorest households 
in the village of Jobra near 
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/Chittagong_University>Chittagong 
University, Yunus discovered that very small 
loans could make a disproportionate difference to 
a poor person. Jobra women who made 
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/Bamboo>bamboo 
furnitures had to take out 
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/Usury>usurious 
loans for buying bamboo, to pay their profits to 
the moneylenders. His first loan, consisting of 
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/USD>USD 27.00 
from his own pocket, was made to 42 women in the 
village, who made a net profit of 
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/Bangladeshi_taka>BDT 
0.50 (USD 0.02) each on the loan[2]

The concept of providing credit to the poor as a 
tool of poverty reduction was not unique. Dr. 
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/Akhtar_Hameed_Khan>Akhtar 
Hameed Khan, founder of Pakistan Academy for 
Rural Development (now 
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/Bangladesh_Academy_for_Rural_Development>Bangladesh 
Academy for Rural Development), is credited for 
pioneering the idea.[9] However, from his 
experience at Jobra Yunus, an admirer of Dr. 
Hamid[9], realized that an institution is needed 
to be created to lend to those who had 
nothing.[10] While, traditional 
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/Bank>banks 
were not interested in making tiny loans at 
reasonable interest rates to poor people, because 
of high repayment risks[11], Yunus believed that 
given the chance the poor will repay the borrowed 
money and hence 
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/Microcredit>microcredit 
could be a viable 
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/Business_model>business model.

Yunus finally succeeded in securing a loan from 
the government 
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/Janata_Bank>Janata 
Bank to lend it to the poor in Jobra in December 
1976. The institution continued to operate by 
securing loans from other banks for its projects. 
By 1982, the bank had 28,000 members. On 
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/October_1>October 
1, <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/1983>1983, 
the pilot project began operations as a 
full-fledged bank and was renamed the 
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/Grameen_Bank>Grameen 
Bank (Village Bank) to make loans to poor 
Bangladeshis. Yunus and his colleagues 
encountered everything from violent radical 
leftists to the conservative clergy who told 
women that they would be denied a Muslim burial 
if they borrowed money from the Grameen Bank.[3] 
As of July 2007, Grameen Bank has issued US$ 6.38 
billion to 7.4 million borrowers.[12] To ensure 
repayment, the bank uses a system of "solidarity 
groups". These small informal groups apply 
together for loans and its members act as 
co-guarantors of repayment and support one 
another's efforts at economic self-advancement.[7]

The Grameen Bank started to diversify in the late 
1980s when it started attending to unutilized or 
underutilized fishing ponds, as well as 
irrigation pumps like deep tubewells.[13] In 
1989, these diversified interests started growing 
into separate organizations, as the fisheries 
project became 
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/Grameen_Motsho>Grameen 
Motsho (Grameen Fisheries Foundation) and the 
irrigation project became 
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/Grameen_Krishi>Grameen 
Krishi (Grameen Agriculture Foundation).[13] Over 
time, the Grameen initiative has grown into a 
multi-faceted group of profitable and non-profit 
ventures, including major projects like 
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/Grameen_Trust>Grameen 
Trust and 
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/Grameen_Fund>Grameen 
Fund, which runs equity projects like 
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/Grameen_Software_Limited>Grameen 
Software Limited, 
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/Grameen_CyberNet_Limited>Grameen 
CyberNet Limited, and 
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/Grameen_Knitwear_Limited>Grameen 
Knitwear Limited,[14] as well as 
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/Grameen_Telecom>Grameen 
Telecom, which has a stake in 
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/Grameenphone>Grameenphone 
(GP), biggest private sector phone company in 
Bangladesh.[15]. The 
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/Village_Phone>Village 
Phone (Polli Phone) project of GP has brought 
cell-phone ownership to 260,000 rural poor in 
over 50,000 villages since the beginning of the project in March 1997.[16]

The success of the Grameen model of 
microfinancing has inspired similar efforts in a 
hundred countries throughout the 
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/Developing_world>developing 
world and even in 
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/Industrialized>industrialized 
nations, including the 
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/United_States>United 
States.[17] Many, but not all, microcredit 
projects also retain its emphasis on lending 
specifically to women. More than 94% of Grameen 
loans have gone to women, who suffer 
disproportionately from poverty and who are more 
likely than men to devote their earnings to their 
families.[18] For his work with the Grameen Bank, 
Yunus was named an 
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/Ashoka:_Innovators_for_the_Public>Ashoka: 
Innovators for the Public Global Academy Member in 2001.[19]
Further information: 
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/Grameen_family_of_organizations>Grameen 
family of organizations




[<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//w/index.php?title=Muhammad_Yunus&action=edit&section=3>edit] 
Recognitions

<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/Image:Yunus_Nobel_stage.jpg>
Muhammad Yunus accepting the Nobel Peace Prize for 2006.



<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/Image:Yunus_Nobel_stage.jpg>
Muhammad Yunus accepting the Nobel Peace Prize for 2006.
Main article: 
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/List_of_awards_received_by_Muhammad_Yunus>List 
of awards received by Muhammad Yunus

Muhammad Yunus was awarded the 2006 
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/Nobel_Peace_Prize>Nobel 
Peace Prize, along with Grameen Bank, for their 
efforts to create economic and social 
development. In the prize announcement The 
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/Norwegian_Nobel_Committee>Norwegian 
Nobel Committee mentioned:[1]

Muhammad Yunus has shown himself to be a leader 
who has managed to translate visions into 
practical action for the benefit of millions of 
people, not only in Bangladesh, but also in many 
other countries. Loans to poor people without any 
financial security had appeared to be an 
impossible idea. From modest beginnings three 
decades ago, Yunus has, first and foremost 
through Grameen Bank, developed micro-credit into 
an ever more important instrument in the struggle against poverty.

Muhammad Yunus was the first 
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/Bangladeshi>Bangladeshi 
and third 
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/Bengali_people>Bengali 
to ever get a Nobel Prize. After receiving the 
news of the important award, Yunus announced that 
he would use part of his share of the $1.4 
million award money to create a company to make 
low-cost, high-nutrition food for the poor; while 
the rest would go toward setting up an eye 
hospital for the poor in Bangladesh.[20]

Former 
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/United_States>U.S. 
president 
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/Bill_Clinton>Bill 
Clinton was a vocal advocate for the awarding of 
the Nobel Prize to Muhammed Yunus. He expressed 
this in 
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/Rolling_Stone>Rolling 
Stone magazine[21] as well as in his 
autobiography 
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/My_Life_%28Bill_Clinton_autobiography%29>My 
Life.[22] In a speech given at 
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/University_of_California%2C_Berkeley>University 
of California, Berkeley in 2002, President 
Clinton described Dr. Yunus as "a man who long 
ago should have won the Nobel Prize [and] I’ll 
keep saying that until they finally give it to him."[23]

He has won a number of other awards, including 
the 
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/Ramon_Magsaysay>Ramon 
Magsaysay Award,[24] the 
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/World_Food_Prize>World 
Food Prize[25] the 
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/Sydney_Peace_Prize>Sydney 
Peace Prize, [26] and in December 2007 the 
Ecuadorian Peace Prize [27]. Additionally, Dr. 
Yunus has been awarded 26 
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/Honorary_degree>honorary 
doctorate degrees, and 15 special awards.[28] 
Bangladesh government brought out a commemorative 
stamp to honor his Nobel Award.[29]



  Political activity

In early 2006 he, along with other members of the 
civil society including Prof 
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/Rehman_Sobhan>Rehman 
Sobhan, Justice 
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/Muhammad_Habibur_Rahman>Muhammad 
Habibur Rahman, Dr 
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/Kamal_Hossain>Kamal 
Hossain, 
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/Matiur_Rahman_%28journalist%29>Matiur 
Rahman, 
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/Mahfuz_Anam>Mahfuz 
Anam and 
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/Debapriya_Bhattchariya>Debapriya 
Bhattchariya, participated in a campaign for 
honest and clean candidates in national 
elections.[30] He considered entering politics in 
the later part of that year.[31] On 
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/February_11>February 
11, 
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/2007>2007, 
Yunus wrote an open letter, published in the 
Bangladeshi newspaper 
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/Daily_Star_%28Bangladesh%29>Daily 
Star, where he asked citizens for views on his 
plan to float a political party to establish 
political goodwill, proper leadership and good 
governance. In the letter, he called on everyone 
to briefly outline how he should go about the 
task and how they can contribute to it.[32] Yunus 
finally announced the foundation of a new party 
tentatively called 
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/Citizens%27_Power>Citizens' 
Power (Nagorik Shakti) on 
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/February_18>February 
18, 
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/2007>2007.[33][34] 
There was speculation that the army supported a 
move by Yunus into politics.[35] On 
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/May_3>May 3, 
however, Yunus declared that he had decided to 
abandon his political plans following a meeting 
with the head of the interim government, 
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/Fakhruddin_Ahmed>Fakhruddin Ahmed.[36]

On 
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/July_18>July 
18, <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/2007>2007 
in 
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/Johannesburg>Johannesburg, 
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/South_Africa>South 
Africa, 
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/Nelson_Mandela>Nelson 
Mandela, 
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/Gra%C3%A7a_Machel>Graça 
Machel, and 
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/Desmond_Tutu>Desmond 
Tutu convened a group of world leaders to 
contribute their wisdom, independent leadership 
and integrity together to the world. Nelson 
Mandela announced the formation of this new 
group, The 
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/Global_Elders>Global 
Elders, in a speech he delivered on the occasion 
of his 89th birthday.[37][38] Archbishop Tutu is 
to serve as the Chair of The Elders. The founding 
members of this group include Machel, 
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/Kofi_Annan>Kofi 
Annan, 
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/Ela_Bhatt>Ela 
Bhatt, 
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/Gro_Harlem_Brundtland>Gro 
Harlem Brundtland, 
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/Jimmy_Carter>Jimmy 
Carter, 
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/Li_Zhaoxing>Li 
Zhaoxing, 
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/Mary_Robinson>Mary 
Robinson and Yunus. The Elders are to be 
independently funded by a group of Founders, 
including 
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/Richard_Branson>Richard 
Branson, 
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/Peter_Gabriel>Peter 
Gabriel, Ray Chambers; Michael Chambers; 
Bridgeway Foundation; Pam Omidyar, Humanity 
United; Amy Robbins; Shashi Ruia, Dick Tarlow; 
and The 
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/United_Nations_Foundation>United 
Nations Foundation.




  Family

In 1967 while Yunus attended 
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/Vanderbilt_University>Vanderbilt 
University, he met Vera Forostenko, a student of 
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/Russian_literature>Russian 
literature at Vanderbilt University and daughter 
of 
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/Russia>Russian 
immigrants to 
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/Trenton%2C_New_Jersey>Trenton, 
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/New_Jersey>New 
Jersey, 
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/United_States>U.S. 
They were married in 1970.[6][3] Yunus's marriage 
with Vera ended within months of the birth of 
their baby girl, 
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/Monica_Yunus>Monica 
Yunus (b. 1979 
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/Chittagong>Chittagong), 
as Vera returned to New Jersey claiming that 
Bangladesh was not a good place to raise a 
baby.[6][3] Yunus later married Afrozi Yunus, who 
was then a researcher in 
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/Physics>physics 
at 
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/Manchester_University>Manchester 
University.[6] She was later appointed as a 
professor of physics at 
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/Jahangirnagar_University>Jahangirnagar 
University. Their daughter Deena Afroz Yunus was born in 1986.[6]

His brothers are also active in academia. His 
brother Muhammad Ibrahim is a professor of 
physics at 
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/Dhaka_University>Dhaka 
University and the founder of The Center for Mass 
Education in Science (CMES), which brings science 
education to adolescent girls in villages.[39] 
His younger brother Muhammad Jahangir is a 
popular television presenter. Monica, the eldest 
daughter of Yunus, is a 
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/Bangladeshi_American>Bangladeshi-<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/Russian_American>Russian 
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/United_States>American 
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/Soprano_singer>soprano 
singer, working in New York City.[40]




References

    * ^ a b 
<http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/peace/laureates/2006/press.html>The 
Nobel Peace Prize for 2006. NobelPrize.org 
(<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/2006>2006-<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/October_13>10-13). 
Retrieved on 
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/2006>2006-<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/October_13>10-13. 

    * ^ a b c 
<http://www.thedailystar.net/2006/10/14/d6101401033.htm>First 
loan he gave was $27 from own pocket, The Daily 
Star, 
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/2006>2006-<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/October_14>10-14, 
Front page, Retrieved: 
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/2007>2007-<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/August_22>08-22 

    * ^ a b c d e f 
<http://www.newagebd.com/2006/dec/28/newyear07/heroes01.html>Mhammad 
Yunus: The triumph of idealism, New Age Special, 
The New Age, 2007-01-01; Retrieved: 
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/2007>2007-<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/September_11>09-11 

    * ^ a b c d e f g h Yunus, Muhammad. Printed 
interview in 
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/Bengali_language>Bengali 
with 
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/Matiur_Rahman>Rahman, 
Matiur. . The daily 
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/Prothom_Alo>Prothom 
Alo., 
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/Dhaka>Dhaka. 
14. Retrieved on 
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/2006>2006-<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/October_14>10-14. 

    * ^ 
<http://www.vanderbilt.edu/register/articles?id=32834>Yunus 
to receive Nichols-Chancellor's Medal, Vanderbilt 
News, 2007-03-12; Retrieved: 
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/2007>2007-<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/September_9>09-09 

    * ^ a b c d e Yunus, Muhammad; Jolis, Alan 
[2003-09-25]. 
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/Banker_to_the_Poor>Banker 
to the Poor: micro-lending and the battle against 
world poverty (in English). New York: 
PublicAffairs hc, 20-29. 
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//w/index.php?title=Special:Booksources&isbn=9781586481988>ISBN 
978-1-58648-198-8.
    * ^ a b 
<http://www.rmaf.org.ph/Awardees/Citation/CitationYunusMuh.htm>Ramon 
Magsaysay Award Citation. Ramon Magsaysay Award 
Foundation (1984). Retrieved on 
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/2007>2007-<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/August_17>08-17. 

    * ^ 
<http://www.ecoi.net/file_upload/432_1184159231_bangladesh-280607.doc>BANGLADESH: 
Country of Origin Information Report, Country of 
Origin Information Service, Border & Immigration 
Agency, 2007-06-15; Retrieved: 
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/2007>2007-<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/September_9>09-09 

    * ^ a b Yousaf, Nasim 
(<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/2006>2006-<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/October_17>10-17). 
<http://www.akhtar-hameed-khan.8m.com/statesman-10-20-06.html>7th 
Death Anniversary – A Tribute to Dr. Akhter 
Hameed Khan (English). Statesman. Retrieved on 
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/2007>2007-<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/August_20>08-20. 

    * ^ Yunus, Muhammad; Jolis, Alan 
[2003-09-25]. 
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/Banker_to_the_Poor>Banker 
to the Poor: micro-lending and the battle against 
world poverty (in English). New York: 
PublicAffairs hc, 46-49. 
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//w/index.php?title=Special:Booksources&isbn=9781586481988>ISBN 
978-1-58648-198-8.
    * ^ 
"<http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/south_asia/6047234.stm>Profile: 
'World banker to the poor'", BBC NEWS, 
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/2006>2006-<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/October_13>10-13. 
Retrieved on 
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/2006>2006-<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/October_16>10-16. 
(English)
    * ^ 
<http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Muhammad_Yunus&action=edit&section=5>GB 
at a glance, Muhammad Yunus, Grameen 
Info;Retrieved: 
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/2007>2007-<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/September_9>09-09 

    * ^ a b 
<http://203.112.193.71/grameen/gc/gfly.htm>Introduction, 
Muhammad Yunus, Grameen Family; Retrieved: 
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/2007>2007-<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/September_7>09-07 

    * ^ 
<http://www.grameen-info.org/grameen/gfund/venture.htm>Grameen 
Fund ventures on Grameen official website
    * ^ 
<http://www.grameenphone.com/index.php?id=64>About 
Grameenphone (English). Grameenphone 
(<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/2006>2006-<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/November_16>11-16). 
Retrieved on 
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/2007>2007-<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/August_22>08-22. 
“Grameenphone is now the leading 
telecommunications service provider in the 
country with more than 10 million subscribers as of November 2006.”
    * ^ 
<http://www.grameenphone.com/index.php?id=64>Village 
Phone (English). About Grameenphone. Grameenphone 
(2006). Retrieved on 
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/2007>2007-<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/August_22>08-22. 

    * ^ 
<http://www.hindu.com/biz/2006/10/23/stories/2006102301011600.htm>Grameen 
Bank, a Nobel-winning concept, The Hindu, 
2006-10-23;Retrieved: 
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/2007>2007-<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/September_9>09-09 

    * ^ Yunus, Muhammad. Transcript of broadcast 
interview with Negus, George. 
<http://www.abc.net.au/foreign/stories/s400630.htm>World 
in Focus: Interview with Prof. Muhammad Yunus. 
Foreign Correspondent; 
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/Australian_Broadcasting_Corporation>ABC 
online. 1997-03-25. Retrieved on 
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/2007>2007-<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/August_22>08-22. 

    * ^ <http://www.ashoka.org/node/3798>Muhammad 
Yunus, Ashoka's Global Academy Member, Wins Nobel 
Peace Prize (English). Ashoka.org 
(<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/2006>2006-<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/October_13>10-13). 
Retrieved on 
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/2007>2007-<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/August_17>08-17. 

    * ^ 
"<http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/15246216/>Yunus 
wins peace Nobel for anti-poverty efforts", AP, 
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/2006>2006-<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/October_13>10-13. 
Retrieved on 
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/2007>2007-<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/August_16>08-16. 
(English)
    * ^ Boulden, Jim. 
"<http://edition.cnn.com/BUSINESS/programs/yourbusiness/stories2001/lending/>The 
birth of micro credit", Europe/Business, CNN, 
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/2001>2001-<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/March_29>03-29. 
Retrieved on 
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/2007>2007-<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/August_19>08-19. 
(English)
    * ^ 
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/Bill_Clinton>Clinton, 
Bill (2004). 
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/My_Life_%28Bill_Clinton_autobiography%29>My 
Life: The Presidential Years (in English). New 
York, Knopf.: Vintage Books, p. 329. 
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//w/index.php?title=Special:Booksources&isbn=0375414576>ISBN 
0375414576. “Muhammad Yunus should have been 
awarded the Nobel Prize in Economics years ago.”
    * ^ Ainsworth, Diane 
(<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/2002>2002-<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/January_29>01-29). 
<http://www.berkeley.edu/news/features/2002/clinton/clinton-transcript.html>Transcript 
of the Jan. 29, 2002 talk by former President 
Bill Clinton at the University of California, 
Berkeley (English). Clinton: education, economic 
development key to building a peaceful, global 
village. 
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/University_of_California>UC 
Regents. Retrieved on 
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/2007>2007-<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/August_22>08-22. 

    * ^ 
<http://www.rmaf.org.ph/Awardees/Citation/CitationYunusMuh.htm>Ramon 
Magsaysay Award, 1984: Citation for Muhammad 
Yunus; Retrieved: 
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/2007>2007-<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/September_1>09-01 

    * ^ 
<http://www.worldfoodprize.org/laureates/Past/1994.htm>Dr. 
Muhammad Yunus - 1994 World Food Prize Laureate 
(English). WorldFoodPrize.org. Retrieved on 
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/2007>2007-<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/August_29>08-29. 

    * ^ 
<http://www.seoulpeaceprize.or.kr/english/award_08.html>Lauret 
2006, Seoul Peace Prize website; Retrieved: 
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/2007>2007-<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/September_9>09-09 

    * ^ 
<http://www.blogs.targetx.com/wildriverreview/penworldvoices/2007/12/joy_e_stocke_and_angie.html>[1], 
Wild River Review Coverage; Retrieved: 
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/2007>2007-<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/December_3>12-03 

    * ^ Lists of his awards are found at 
<http://www.grameen-info.org/bank/Listofawards.html>Grameen 
Bank website, 
<http://muhammadyunus.org/content/view/20/35/lang,en/>his 
personal website, and 
<http://www.bangladeshnews.com.bd/2006/10/14/profile-dr-muhammad-yunus/>his 
profile at Bangladesh News website.
    * ^ 
<http://sydneypeacefoundation.wordpress.com/2007/09/03/muhammad-yunus-commemorative-stamps/>Sydney 
Peace Prize recipients, Sydney Peace Prize 
Foundation website; Retrieved: 
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/2007>2007-<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/September_9>09-09 

    * ^ 
<http://www.cpd-bangladesh.org/media/press_N17.html>Parliament 
with honest, efficient must for development. The 
New Nation 
(<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/2006>2006-<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/March_21>03-21). 
Retrieved on 
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/2007>2007-<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/August_22>08-22. 

    * ^ Staff Correspondent. 
"<http://www.thedailystar.net/2006/10/18/d6101801022.htm>Yunus 
not willing to be caretaker chief", 
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/The_Daily_Star_%28Bangladesh%29>The 
Daily Star, 
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/2006>2006-<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/October_18>10-18. 
Vol 5 Num 853. Retrieved on 
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/2007>2007-<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/August_18>08-18. 
(English)
    * ^ Staff Correspondent. 
"<http://www.thedailystar.net/2007/02/12/d7021201011.htm>Yunus 
seeks people's views on floating political 
party", 
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/The_Daily_Star_%28Bangladesh%29>The 
Daily Star, 
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/2007>2007-<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/February_12>02-12. 
Vol 5 Num 961. Retrieved on 
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/2007>2007-<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/August_18>08-18. 
(English)
    * ^ Siddique, Islam. 
"<http://www.allheadlinenews.com/articles/7006502326>Bangladesh 
Nobel Laureate Announces His Political Party's 
Name", AHN, 
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/2007>2007-<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/February_18>02-18. 
7006502326. Retrieved on 
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/2007>2007-<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/August_18>08-18. 
(English)
    * ^ Staff Reporter. 
"<http://nation.ittefaq.com/artman/publish/article_34138.shtml>'I 
will do politics of unity': Yunus names his party 
Nagorik Shakti", The New Nation, 
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/2007>2007-<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/February_12>02-12. 
34138. Retrieved on 
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/2007>2007-<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/August_18>08-18. 
(English)
    * ^ Mustafa, Sabir. 
"<http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/south_asia/6530781.stm>Bangladesh 
at a crossroads", 
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/BBC>BBC, 
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/2007>2007-<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/April_5>04-05. 
Retrieved on 
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/2007>2007-<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/August_18>08-18. 
(English) "At first glance, the current state of 
Bangladesh appears to be a paradox : a country 
under a state of emergency, but where the general public seem quite content."
    * ^ 
"<http://english.aljazeera.net/NR/exeres/E6E2375D-C914-49CC-9356-09D72BA2E02A.htm>Yunus 
drops plans to enter politics", 
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/Al_Jazeera>Al 
Jazeera, 
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/2007>2007-<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/February_18>02-18. 
Retrieved on 
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/2007>2007-<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/August_18>08-18. 
(English)
    * ^ 
"<http://english.aljazeera.net/NR/exeres/59C0C017-4A63-4F97-9D91-D1A336A2B83A.htm>Mandela 
unveils 'council of elders'", 
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/Al_Jazeera>Al 
Jazeera, 
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/2007>2007-<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/July_19>07-19. 
Retrieved on 
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/2007>2007-<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/August_24>08-24. 
(English)
    * ^ 
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/Associated_Press>Associated 
Press. "Mandela joins ‘Elders’ on turning 89", 
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/MSNBC>MSNBC, 
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/2007>2007-<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/July_20>07-20. 
19836050. Retrieved on 
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/2007>2007-<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/August_24>08-24. 
(English)
    * ^ 
<http://www.ilo.org/public/english/employment/skills/hrdr/init/ban_1.htm>Center 
for Mass Education in Science (CMES) - 
Bangladesh, Human Resource Development 
Recommendations, International Labour 
Organization; Retrieved: 
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/2007>2007-<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/August_27>08-27 

    * ^ 
<http://www.monicayunus.com/newsite/biography.asp>Monica 
Yunus, Soprano (asp) (English). Biography. 
VoxPagel.com. Retrieved on 
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/2007>2007-<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/September_2>09-02. 





  See also

<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/Portal:Sustainable_development>Sustainable 
development Portal
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/Portal:Bangladesh>Bangladesh Portal
    * <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/Microfinance>Microfinance
    * <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/Grameen_Bank>Grameen Bank
    * 
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/Ashoka:_Innovators_for_the_Public>Ashoka: 
Innovators for the Public
    * <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/Bangladesh>Bangladesh
    * <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/Chittagong>Chittagong
    * <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/Islamic_banking>Islamic banking




  External links

<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/Wikiquote>Wikiquote 
has a collection of quotations related to:
<http://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Special:Search/Muhammad_Yunus>Muhammad Yunus
2007/2008 Lectures


Wikimedia Commons has media related to:
<http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Muhammad_Yunus>Muhammad Yunus
    * <http://www.grameen-info.org/>Grameen Bank 
- Grameen Bank's Official Web Site
    * 
<http://www.muhammadyunus.org/>MuhammadYunus.org - Website of Muhammad Yunus
    * <http://www.nagorik-shakti.net>Campaign 
website - 2007 campaign to elect Yunus prime minister of Bangladesh
    * 
<http://www.scottlondon.com/photo/oslo2006/index.html>Muhammad 
Yunus Receives the 2006 Nobel Peace Prize - A Photo Essay by Scott London
    * 
<http://www.businessweek.com/magazine/content/05_52/b3965024.htm>Microcredit 
Missionary - A BusinessWeek Profile
    * 
<http://www.share-international.org/archives/economics/ec_mlnextstep.htm>The 
next steps for microcredit Interview with Muhammad Yunus
    * 
<http://modul.germandream.zdf.de/flash.php?id=55>Audio 
Interview with Muhammad Yunus - By Wolfgang Blau 
(a.k.a. Harrer) and Alysa Selene, ZDF Germany
    * 
<http://www.pbs.org/opb/thenewheroes/meet/yunus.html>PBS 
Biography An article on Muhammad Yunus and Grameen Bank.
    * <http://www.nndb.com/people/183/000049036/>A short biography




[<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//w/index.php?title=Muhammad_Yunus&action=edit&section=9>edit] 
Videos

    * <http://ethikana.com/video/yunus.htm>A 
Collection of Video Documentaries about Muhammad Yunus and Grameen Bank
    * k<http://www.izzit.org> video featuring Muhammad Yunus
    * 
<http://www.dnaindia.com/report.asp?NewsID=1067781>The 
poor need infotech, says Mohd Yunus by Venkatesan Vembu, Daily News & Analysis
    * 
<http://video.google.com/videoplay?docid=7311664220678511865&hl=en-GB>International 
Forum Social Entrepreneurship Award: Honoring Muhammad Yunus -- video
    * 
<http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3gpqQ68ctmk>Charlie 
Rose interview Muhammad Yunus -- 58 mins video interview
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